The dominant chord (or V chord) is one spot clockwise on the circle: Bb major. In the key of Eb, the sub-dominant chord (or IV chord) is one spot counter-clockwise on the circle: Ab major. The dominant chord (or V chord) is one to the right on the circle: G major. For example, in the key of C, the sub-dominant chord (or IV chord) is one to the left on the circle: F major. We can also use the chart to quickly identify the sub-dominant and dominant chords associated with a particular root. The key of Eb then has three flats in the key signature: Bb, Eb, and Ab! The next two flats then after Bb following the letters counter-clockwise on the outside of the circle are Eb and Ab. Therefore, that key signature must have three flats. Similarly, if we're asked to play in the key of Eb, we know from the chart Eb is the third spot down on the left of the chart going counter-clockwise. So, in the key of E, the four sharps would be F#, C#, G#, and D#. The next sharps follow the letter sequence on the outside of the circle in a clockwise direction. For instance, if someone tells us to play in the key of E, we can see that the major key of E is at the 4' o-clock position which means it should have 4 sharps in the key signature. As a tool, we can easily figure out the number of sharps or flats in a given key signature and what those sharps and flats should be. ![]() The Circle of Fifths is a wonderful, visual representation of the relationships between the major keys, the minor keys, and our twelve key signatures.
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